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The Performance of a Solar Water Distillation Kit fabricated from Local materials

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Author Affiliations

  • 1Solar Water Distillation Group, Faculty of Science, Madonna University, Elele, NIGERIA
  • 2Department of Science Education, Anambra State University, Uli, NIGERIA
  • 3Department of Chemical Engineering, Federal University of Technology, Owerri, NIGERIA

Res.J.chem.sci., Volume 2, Issue (3), Pages 64-67, March,18 (2012)

Abstract

There is an urgent need for clean, pure drinking water in many countries. Often water sources are brackish and there are many costal locations where sea water is abundant but potable water is not abundant. Pure water is also needed in some industries, hospitals and schools. Distillation is one of the processes that can be used for water purification and solar radiation can be the source of heat energy. A roof-type solar water distillation (RSWD) kit was fabricated and tested under actual environmental conditions of Urualla, an ancient town in the Eastern part of Nigeria. The system includes four major components; a rectangular wooden basin, an absorber surface, a glass roof and a condensate channel. The RSWD was able to generate 2.3m3 of distilled water within six days. Though the condensate was not large enough compared to human need as is peculiar to many solar stills, the efficiency can be enhanced by using large solar absorber surface and by any method that can increase radiant energy.

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